Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Therapeutic Pipeline Analysis 2017
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare life-threatening disease characterized by destruction of red blood cells, blood clots, and compromised bone marrow function. Some of the symptoms of the disease include abdominal and back pain, dark urine, easy bruising or bleeding, fatigue or weakness, headache and shortness of breath. The risk factors for PNH include age, obesity and hormone therapy. According to the Johns Hopkins Medicine, approximately, one to one and a half persons per million of the population are affected by PNH globally with a predominance in young adults. PNH is also associated with aplastic anemia and up to 30% of newly diagnosed cases of PNH progress from aplastic anemia. Treatment of PNH includes bone marrow transplantation and the only medicine approved by the USFDA for its treatment is eculizumab (Soliris), manufactured by Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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The main growth drivers of the pipeline for PNH include increasing awareness and research funding from various non-profit organizations for the discovery and development of drugs for PNH, rising prevalence of aplastic anemia, innovations in genetic engineering and introduction of novel gene therapies, increasing knowledge of pathophysiology of thrombosis and discoveries of novel anticoagulants, price skimming and niche market opportunity.
In September 2016, Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. started a Phase III, randomized, open-label, active-controlled study of ALXN1210 versus eculizumab in complement inhibitor-naïve adult patients with PNH. ALXN1210 is a longer-acting anti-C5 antibody and is being evaluated for the treatment of patients with PNH. This study is expected to be completed in December 2017. In January 2015, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc., began a Phase I/II study of subcutaneously administered ALN-CC5 in healthy adult volunteers and patients with PNH. ALN-CC5 is an RNAi therapeutic which targets the C5 component of the complement pathway. The study was expected to complete by December 2016, however, it is still ongoing. In February 2016, Akari Therapeutics plc initiated a Phase II trial evaluating Coversin in PNH in patients with resistance to eculizumab due to complement C5 polymorphisms. Coversin is a second-generation complement inhibitor which prevents release of C5a and formation of C5b–9. The trial is expected to complete in December 2018.
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Some of the companies involved in the development of drug candidates for PNH include Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc., Akari Therapeutics plc, CMIC Co, Ltd. Japan, Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and Ra Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Graves Disease Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis, 2017 - Clinical Trials & Results and Other Developments
Graves disease therapeutic pipeline analysis is expected to increase owing to the high prevalence of the disease. Growing number of cases for hyperthyroidism is a major factor driving the pipeline analysis for Graves disease . In addition, increasing awareness regarding health issues among people is another major factor contributing towards the pipeline for Graves disease. According to American Thyroid Association, the prevalence of Graves disease has increased with increasing hyperthyroidism patients.
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Graves disease is the result of hyperthyroidism, which basically means overproduction of thyroid gland. Hyperthyroidism cause majority of symptoms of Graves disease and it can also be associated with eyes inflammation, swelling of the tissues around the eyes and eyes bulging known as Graves ophthalmopathy. The most common symptoms of Graves disease include eye disease and skin disease. Eye disease includes redness of eyes and irritation of the eyes while skin disease includes pretibial myxedema in which a reddish lump is formed in front of the shins. The other symptoms of Graves disease are weight loss, anxiety, erectile dysfunction, change in menstrual cycles, irregular heartbeat and bulging eyes. Graves disease is an autoimmune disease in which antibodies bind to thyroid cells which results in overproduction of thyroid hormones. This results in hyperthyroidism. Graves disease is diagnosed by clinical observation and confirmed by laboratory testing which includes measuring thyroid hormone (thyroxine, or T4, and triiodothyronine, or T3) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in patient’s blood. Also family history with thyroid or autoimmune diseases is analyzed. Some of the risk factors of Graves disease include age, family history, smoking, pregnancy and autoimmune disorders. Treatment includes anti-thyroid medications, beta blockers and surgery. It is treated using antithyroid drugs including methimazole [Tapazole] and surgery in severe cases.
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Some of the key companies having a pipeline of Graves disease therapeutics include AV7 Limited, Apitope International NV, Neothetics, Inc., Nova Therapeutics LLC, Novartis AG, Omeros Corp. and Rodos BioTarget GmbH.
Hereditary Angioedema Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis 2017 - Clinical Trials & Results, Collaboration and Other Developments
The pipeline of hereditary angioedema is increasing on account of rising instances of angioedema, globally. Currently, an estimated prevalence of hereditary angioedema in the world is 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 150,000. Major factors driving the growth of pipeline for hereditary angioedema include increasing prevalence of attacks of angioedema and rising cases of angioedema in association with other conditions like significant hypotension resulting from abdominal attacks, low market penetration as very less number of companies are making an analog and increasing awareness of health issues. The impairment in quality of life and rising medical cost also act as the driving factor for the hereditary angioedema pipeline.
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Angioedema can be defined as swelling of mucosal or skin tissues, which leads to extravasation of fluid into the interstitium and loss of vascular integrity. There are two basic types of angioedema, histaminergic angioedema and non-histaminergic angioedema. Histaminergic is basically associated with urticaria. Non-histaminergic angioedema is usually not associated with urticaria, and is only mediated by bradykinin. The non-histaminergic angioedema is further divided in four categories namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-associated angioedema, hereditary angioedema (HAE), idiopathic angioedema and acquired angioedema. Hereditary angioedema is symptomatized as episodic swelling disorder and arises from autosomal dominant trait. Clinical features include nonpitting edema of external body surfaces, abdominal pain, swelling of the extremities and swelling of the mouth and throat, which can lead to asphyxiation.
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Some of the companies having a pipeline of hereditary angioedema therapeutics include BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc., CSL Limited, Dyax Corp., Cevec Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Global Blood Therapeutics, Inc., Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., iBio, Inc. Pharming Group N.V., Ra Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Shire Plc.
Ulcerative Colitis Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis 2017 — Clinical Trials & Results, and Other Developments
The ulcerative colitis pipeline analysis report covers approximately 89 drug candidates, of which 68 drug candidates are in active stage. Among the active drug candidates, one drug is in NDA filed stage, 11 are in Phase III stage, 28 are in Phase II stage, 13 are in Phase I stage, 14 are in Pre-Clinical stage and one drug is in Discovery stage of development. The development of 18 ulcerative colitis drug candidates is found to be inactive and three drug candidates are discontinued.
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which basically affect colonic mucosa. The main identified symptoms of the disease are bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps and fatigue. Some of the other symptoms include, fever, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal distension and bloating. The treatment approaches to this disease mostly include the use of small molecules and monoclonal antibodies, which are being developed to target and reduce the inflammatory mediators. The treatment of ulcerative colitis includes tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, such as adalimumab, golimumab and infliximab.
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Pipeline Insights
The pipeline for ulcerative colitis was analyzed based on route of administration, molecule type and phase of drugs. Based on route of administration, around 46.0% of the active pipeline drug candidates of ulcerative colitis are being developed to be administered by oral route and 29.0% by are being developed to be administered by intravenous and subcutaneous route. Approximately 3.0% drug candidate are being administered by parenteral route, and 4.0% drug candidates are administered by intravenous; subcutaneous route. The route of administration of 29.0% drug candidates is undisclosed. The route of administration of 18.0% drug candidates are being administered by intravenous infusion, rectal, topical and others.
Several pharmaceutical companies engaged in the development of the ulcerative colitis drug candidates include, but are not limited to, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, EA Pharma Co., Ltd., Celgene Corporation, Galapagos NV, Lipid Therapeutics GmbH, and Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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Some of the key players developing ulcerative colitis therapeutics include EA Pharma Co., Ltd., Celgene Corporation, InDex Pharmaceuticals AB, F. Hoffman-La Roche AG, Sigmoid Pharma Ltd., Pfizer, Inc., Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and Novartis AG.
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Therapeutics Pipeline Analysis 2017 - Collaboration and Other Developments
The Hodgkin’s lymphoma therapeutics pipeline is expected to witness considerable growth in the coming years as the researchers are making novel drug delivery system for the treatment for cancer. The government agencies such as National Cancer Institute and American Cancer Society are supporting the growth of the Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) therapeutics pipeline by providing funding, designations and grants for speeding up the drug development process. High prevalence of cancer, increasing awareness regarding cancer treatment, technological advancements and high demand for safe and effective medication are driving the growth of the Hodgkin’s Lymphoma therapeutics pipeline.
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Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) or Hodgkin’s disease is an uncommon cancer of the lymphatic system, such as lymph nodes. The lymphatic system is made up of a network of vessels and glands that spread throughout the body. The vessels of lymphatic system known as lymphocytes carrying clear fluid known as lymph, contains lymphocytes (white blood cells that help combat infection). The lymphatic is a part of the human body’s immune system. In Hodgkin’s lymphoma, the patient experiences a painless swelling in a lymph node, usually in the neck, armpit or groin.
Ono Pharmaceuticals and Bristol-Myers Squibb are in the process of developing Opdivo for the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease. Seattle Genetics has developed ADCETRIS (brentuximab vedotin) as an antibody drug conjugate for Hodgkin’s disease. Merck & Co., Inc. has also developed Keytruda for the treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Though, major companies are developing promising drugs for Hodgkin’s lymphoma treatment, the new entrants are facing the challenge of fulfilling the relapsed or refractory (R/R) Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients’ unmet needs, and of bringing a reduction in the adverse effects of current treatments in the long term, thereby improving patients’ overall survival.
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Some of the companies having a pipeline of Hodgkin’s lymphoma therapeutics include Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Merck & Co. Inc., Pfizer, Inc., F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Novartis AG, Affimed Therapeutics AG, Aeterna Zentaris Inc., Incyte Corporation, and 4SC AG.
Testicular Cancer Therapeutics Market Development, Growth and Demand Forecast to 2023
Global testicular cancer therapeutics market is growing with the increasing prevalence of testicular cancer. The market is expected to witness moderate growth, since there are already more than 15 drugs that exist in the market for the treatment of testicular cancer. Increasing prevalence of cancer and rising demand for the medications with better efficacy and less side effects can be attributed as an opportunity for oncology. The regulatory bodies such as USFDA, EMA are supporting the growth of the global market by providing increased funding, designations and grants for speeding up the drug development process.
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Testicular cancer is the tumor that develops in the testicles. Testicles are the glands found in men that produce testosterone hormone and sperms. The cause of testicular cancer is attributable to enormous growth of testicular cells due to some abnormalities, resulting in the formation of tumor in testicles, causing testicular cancer. Cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia, congenital abnormalities, abnormal testicular development and family history can increase the risk of testicular cancer. Mumps orchitis are also one of risk factors which is a very rare complication of mumps, which involves the inflammation of testicles. Pain, swelling, discomfort, sensation of heaviness and sudden fluid accumulation in scrotum are the main symptoms of testicular cancer.
Diagnosis of testicular cancer is done through a blood test, ultrasound and biopsy. Also, the type of testicular cancer is determined with the diagnosis along with its stage. There are two types of testicular cancer- seminoma testicular cancer and non- seminoma testicular cancer. After the diagnosis, the treatment options are selected according to the stage and the type of testicular cancer. The treatment options that are available to the patients are chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. Surgery include orchidectomy, removal of both the testicles, lymph node surgery and hormone replacement therapy.
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Some of the key players operating in the global testicular cancer therapeutics market are Ovation Pharmaceuticals, Inc., ZIOPHARM Oncology Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Hospira Inc., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Fresenius Kabi AG and Teva Parenteral Medicines, Inc.
Vascular Imaging Systems Market Size, Development and Demand Forecast to 2023
According to the study, the global vascular imaging systems market is likely to grow significantly, during the forecast period, due to increasing healthcare expenditure, increasing prevalence of cancer and cardiovascular diseases and rising awareness about imaging techniques due to various conferences and seminars. In addition, growing geriatric population and launch of technologically advanced products contribute to the growth of the market. High cost, stringent regulatory requirements, shortage of helium for magnetic resonance imaging and increasing risk of cancer due to exposure to radiations are the key factors restraining the global market growth.
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Insights on market segments
As per the findings of research, based on product, the CT imaging system is the most preferred vascular imaging system, globally. Based on application, cardiology holds the maximum share of the global market. Hospitals have been the largest end users of the global vascular imaging systems market.
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North America stands as the largest vascular imaging systems market
Geographically, North America has been the largest market for vascular imaging systems, where the U.S. has been the largest contributor to the regional market. Increasing awareness about imaging techniques has been driving the growth of the North American market. In Europe, Germany has been the largest contributor to the market, followed by the U.K. and France. Asia-Pacific market is expected to grow at the highest CAGR, during 2017 - 2023, owing to increasing prevalence of cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
Key players in the vascular imaging systems market
Some of the key players in the global market include Siemens AG, General Electric Company, Hitachi Ltd., and Koninklijke Philips N.V., Carestream Health, Inc., Hologic, Inc., Esaote S.P.A, Shimazdu Corporation, Canon Inc., Orthoscan, Inc., and Fujifilm Corporation.
